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Too Much Waste AND Not Enough Cash

Published: Monday, June 15, 2009 11:50 AM PDT



We had a shortened format for the Sunday radio show last week and my colleague, Andrew Donohue, was away from the office so I brought on Vladimir Kogan to have a back and forth about local government revenues.

You might have caught Kogan's op-ed debate with City Councilman Carl DeMaio the other day. They argued the central question about whether government -- specifically San Diego city's -- has enough money and, if it does, whether it just wastes it through overcompensation and inefficiency.

Both DeMaio and Kogan's pieces were very convincing. So how do you reconcile them?

Kogan's central premise is that when you compare San Diego's city government revenue and spending with other California cities, it appears as though San Diego does a lot with a little. DeMaio said that's like comparing GM to Chrysler -- both are bankrupt.

DeMaio pointed to a list of what appeared to be obvious inefficiencies in city government and pointed to a chart that showed how fast revenues to the general fund have grown -- as fast as incomes, he makes clear.

Kogan said that doesn't take into account how much money may have been transferred into the general fund (a practice DeMaio has lamented) and it doesn't consider the fact that although revenues have grown, San Diego didn't start from a healthy place at all and countless major projects were built without raising revenues to pay for them.

But on the radio show, I tried to pin Kogan into a corner. As he makes clear, his big worry (just as everyone's should be) is what's coming next year. The brutal decline in sales and property tax revenue along with heightened liabilities appears ready to generate an eye-popping deficit next year -- one that even the most skilled manager won't be able to avoid.

As I pointed out though, it's clear that the biggest source of the deficit next year will be the inflated bill the city will have to pay to its retirement system. And many many audits and studies have made it clear that the source of the various pension benefits granted employees between 1996 and 2002. Those are just the facts.

So if the deficit is the worry and the burgeoning pension bill is the single biggest contributor to the deficit, why is it not valid to say that the problem is the pension benefits that were granted without a source of revenue implemented to pay for them?

Listen to the show to see how it went.

How can we understand all this? I think there's really only one way: Both DeMaio and Kogan are correct. You have to eliminate waste and inefficiencies in city government. And some of the benefits granted to employees got out of hand and they were not paired with proportional increases in revenue. At the same time, the city does not bring in enough revenue for the size and scope of city operations.

We have to move into a new paradigm in this discussion where we aggressively work to cut waste and bring compensation into line with a respect for city employees and yet an eye on sustainability. And this must be paired with an aggressive evaluation of revenue sources and how they can be maximized strategically.

Both DeMaio and Kogan are right -- as are the people who commented in support of their points. But nobody wins if they continue to argue the other is completely wrong.

-- SCOTT LEWIS




7 Comments so far on this story...

I remain frustrated that Mr. Lewis too quickly moves past a legitimate debate about "the size and scope of city operations". There is an argument that SHOULD happen in this community about whether there are certain "lines of business" (golf courses? Public Art? Open Space management?) that the City just simply should not be in. Another is whether there is a level of service that could be reexamined and not negatively impact the citizenry in the slightest. Here is just one example...until 2003 I lived in Carmel Mountain Ranch. We had, within 10 minute drive, FIVE city branch libraries plus 2 County Branches. There were at least 6 major multi-sport (soccer, softball, pop warner) sports fields within a similar drive. It is legitimate to ask, especially when facing hundreds of millions in shortfall, whether that scope of services isneeded.

Posted by Erik | reply to this comment
June 15, 2009 12:32 pm

Scott, I listened to the radio show and Vladimir made a point that you're omitting here (and elsewhere). We granted those pension benefits and underfunded our contributions _explicitly_in_order to avoid either revenue increases or service cuts. We have time-after-time used the pension system to paper-over OTHER spending. It's the bill we never paid. // What I think Vladimir's article shows is that efficiency in government isn't new to San Diego and isn't just talk. It's been something of a local obsession at least since "Reinventing Government" was a regular stocking stuffer at the Chamber. And it's paid off. We ARE more efficient! Thank goodness. The trouble is, those gains have already been won. DeMaio and co are right that we should continue, but the efficiencies left to win are on the single-digit $Millions scale: they simply won't solve our problems. Facing our situation maturely means tackling the big stuff.

Posted by Augmented Ballot | reply to this comment
June 15, 2009 3:17 pm

Looks like it is time to consider cutting the pension benefits back to where they were in 1996. If the unions don't like it, then bankruptcy reorganization is the only other option. If tax increases are even discussed, it'll be time to start getting the pitchforks and torches ready.

Posted by shawn1874 | reply to this comment
June 17, 2009 12:03 pm

Following that sort of logic, if benefits were rolled back to 1996 levels (legally impossible for existing hires, but for the sake of argument...), then the City would have to reciprocate by eliminating the pension fund deficit. Remember, the city was permitted to underfund -- and use that $$ elsewhere -- in exchange for improved benefits. The pension fund deficit sits around $2B now as I recall. And let's assume that the pension rates in 1996 were only half of what they are today (I'm sure that's not true, but again, for the sake of argument). Then in exchange for dialing the pension rates back to 1996, the city would only need to return the $1B it borrowed. Know where we can find $1B?

Posted by Augmented Ballot | reply to this comment
June 18, 2009 12:34 pm

Scott, It is not just the cost of those benefits from 1996,2002 it is the fact they actually started to pay less into the pension while increasing obligations. It was insane. Is it a coincidence that the convention center and Petco park were both built during that time?

Posted by johnny gage | reply to this comment
June 15, 2009 7:19 pm

Although it's difficult to get agreement on this issue, I'm not sure that's a bad thing. If the City cannot demonstrate that it uses its funds wisely, I doubt if much of the citizenry will be sympathetic to tax increases. Unfortunately, governments have a tendency to spend all of their income and, in addition, borrow against the future. Of course, private citizens tend to do the same, but citizens pay the price for that behavior...and the government's behavior as well.

Posted by josil | reply to this comment
June 15, 2009 9:56 pm

Posters above have hit the nail on the head. The City has always operated on a thin margin. They used the money they didn't pay in to the Retirement system for nearly 7 years to pay for rennovations to the stadium, to host the '96 Rpeublican convention, and to build Petco. But, most importantly, the City didn't pay in at the exact time when the stock market was going up and the money would have compounded the most. Here is an interesting exercise, Scott. Add up the contributions they didn't make for all those years, apply the actual return earned each year, and see how much more money they Retirement system would have today if the City hadn't taken "contribution holidays". I have no doubt it would be in the hundreds of milllions of dollars.

Posted by Mike | reply to this comment
June 16, 2009 8:24 am


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Scott Lewis on Politics

The Scott Lewis on Politics blog, abbreviated cleverly as SLOP, is a collection of observations, insights and the occasional scoop on public affairs in San Diego. Please feel free to e-mail Scott at scott.lewis@voiceofsandiego.org.


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